Yes, these are common scenarios, but what about in our communities? Joining online bingo or casino sites, playing online poker? For many, this is a fun pastime within their means. But what if it becomes more? What if it becomes harmful? An escape from the stress of work, relationships, money, isolation, or mental health issues?
Gambling related harms are the adverse impacts from gambling on the health and wellbeing of individuals, families, communities and society. It is estimated in Wales that around 100,000 people (3%) are at high or moderate risk of experiencing gambling harms with 63% of people gambling every year according to a national survey in 2023. The significant increase in online gambling over the past 10 – 15 years means that people can now gamble 24/7, giving them access to a wide variety of products that often online are being increasingly recognised as the most addictive forms of gambling.
What does gambling harms look like?
Harms from gambling can vary and often an individuals relationship and impacts from their gambling can be seen on a continuum of harm.
Often an individual who’s relationship with gambling is beginning to become harmful, will experience feelings of anxiety or stress. Their behaviour starts to become more secretive and the frequency of their gambling or the amount spent increases with behaviours such as chasing losses becoming more frequent.
It is at this point that some people are able to recognise the harm that gambling can do, taking steps to control or stop their gambling; but for increasing numbers of people this can often be the beginning of a long and painful journey into gambling addiction which can bring devastating and life changing harms. In 2021 the National Gambling Helpline took just over 40,000 calls but that number has increased to over 55,000 in 2024.
Those experiencing higher levels of harm from gambling will likely face significant mental health related issues, experiencing depression and significant increase in risk around self harm and suicidal ideation. Increased spending often leads to financial harms, with 67% of callers to the National Helpline in 2023/24 disclosing varying levels of debt as a result of their gambling. In addition, those experiencing harm are at increasing risk of experiencing issues with their housing situation, relationships, work/ education and sometimes leading to criminality.
Gambling related harms do not discriminate. Research indicates Males aged 18-44 to be the most vulnerable group, but support services have noted an increase in the number of women accessing support, with increasing numbers using online bingo and casino based games.
So what makes gambling addictive?
Very often there are a number of contributory factors including an individuals environment, psychological state and past/present life events, but can also include the type of gambling they participate in, the accessibility of the product and persistent advertising.
The prevailing theory for addiction to gambling centres around dopamine release in the brain, much the same as in other addictions. Dopamine is the feel-good neurotransmitter that makes us feel happy and excited. When we do something we enjoy, dopamine floods our brain’s receptors, making us more likely to seek out the same behaviour again.
However, dopamine release does not just occur when you win at gambling. Your brain also releases dopamine when you lose. This pushes the incentive to gamble even higher; despite the fact you may be losing, your brain is chasing those dopamine highs that it knows have come before. The intermittent and unpredictable nature of winning, losing, winning again (and the intermittent dopamine release) is what makes gambling so incredibly addictive.
In addition, the more the brain is awash with dopamine, the more accustomed it becomes to the neurotransmitter’s effects. It therefore takes greater and greater risks and more time spent gambling to achieve the same “high” in the brain. This tolerance to dopamine can also change the gambler’s moods and cause mental health problems. Much like with drug or alcohol addicts, the gambler may feel withdrawal symptoms if they are unable to gamble. Their mood may lower and the ability to concentrate disappears.
Impacts on family
Gambling Related Harms as mentioned earlier are not just the impacts on the individual but also on family. Research suggests that between 6 to 10 others are adversely impacted as a result of an individuals difficulties with gambling. Loved ones are often left unaware of someone’s struggles, with gambling being recognised as a hidden addiction. Unlike drugs and alcohol, gambling can be hidden with no obvious physical signs.
Families and partners are often left to pick up pieces, with those seeking help often sharing concerns around financial situations, wondering how they will pay the bills and even basic necessities. Relationships are sometimes unrepairable and/or trust concerns can take a long time to heal given the secretive nature of behaviour.
What can be done?
Approaching the subject with someone you care about can be daunting. The first step is still a step in the right direction.
What to look out for: Are you or someone you know:
- Ignoring your daily routine and responsibilities?
- Facing significant debt or financial issues?
- Skipping meals or neglecting your hygiene?
- Irritable and anxious when not gambling?
- Avoiding social activities to gamble?
- Lying about gambling activities?
- Feeling guilty about your gambling habits and their impact on others?
Conversation starters:
- Find a private setting: Choose a quiet place.
- Express concern: "I've noticed you're stressed and I'm worried."
- Use "I" statements: "I feel worried when I see you upset."
- Listen actively: Let them talk and show empathy.
- Avoid criticism: Be supportive, not blaming.
- Suggest help: "Maybe talking to a therapist could help."
- Offer support: "I'm here for you and want to help."
What help is available in Wales?
ARA Recovery for All was established in 1987 with a mission to provide hope and better lives for individuals and families affected by gambling related harm. Ara is committed to empowering everyone through their support services, education and awareness within Welsh communities. Ara offers services designed to support individuals in overcoming challenges and achieving a healthier, more balanced life. These services include providing free, confidential help for individuals struggling with gambling or the gambling of a loved one.
These include, initial advice, counselling, relapse prevention, and support groups within communities to raise awareness about harms caused by gambling addiction.
If you are based in Wales and are ready to take the first step towards recovery, you can self-refer easily. Whether you’re seeking support for yourself or with the help of a professional, reaching out is the first step in accessing the care and guidance we can provide. All of the services are free with no waiting list.
Contact ARA Recovery for All today. You can do this by going to the website www.recovery4all.co.uk and completing a simple and confidential referral form, use the instant booking calendar or call 0330 1340 286 to speak to the access team.